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B2 Grammar
Relative Clauses
Relative clauses give extra information about a noun.
**Defining** (essential — no commas): tells us WHICH one
- The man **who works at Salesforce** is my uncle.
- The book **that I bought** was interesting.
**Non-defining** (extra info — with commas): adds details
- My cousin Sophie, **who lives in Melbourne**, is a doctor.
- The Taj Mahal, **which was built in 1632**, attracts millions.
**Which word to use:**
- **who/that** → people
- **which/that** → things
- **where** → places
- **whose** → possession
- **when** → times
Examples
The company where my father works is in Singapore.
The student whose presentation was best won the prize.
💡 "That" can replace "who"/"which" in defining clauses, but NOT in non-defining clauses.