Singular and Plural Nouns

**Singular** = one thing. **Plural** = more than one. **Regular rules:** - Most nouns: add **-s** → book → books, pen → pens - Ending in s, sh, ch, x, z: add **-es** → bus → buses, dish → dishes - Ending in consonant + y: change y to **-ies** → city → cities, baby → babies - Ending in f/fe: change to **-ves** → knife → knives, leaf → leaves **Irregular plurals** (no rules — memorise!): - man → men, woman → women, child → children - tooth → teeth, foot → feet, mouse → mice - person → people, fish → fish, sheep → sheep **Uncountable nouns** (no plural!): - water, rice, information, advice, furniture, luggage - ❌ "informations" ❌ "furnitures" ❌ "luggages"